Bio-Analytical SPE Method: Tirzepatide

Quantitative Estimation of Tirzepatide from Human K2 EDTA plasma samples

Tirzepatide

Tirzepatide is an Antidiabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and an anti-obesity medication used for long-term weight management. It is a peptide similar to the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), modified with a side chain. It can be administered by subcutaneous injection or taken orally (under development, Oral bioavailability is 1%). There is continued need for their robust, sensitive, and selective sample preparation and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis.

However, sensitive and robust quantification of large peptides, like Tirzepatide (MWT 4813), are often difficult to analyze by LC-MS/MS, as MS sensitivity is low due to poor transfer of the peptide into the gas phase, dilution of signal across charge states, and poor fragmentation. In addition, the Tirzepatide suffers from significant non-specific binding and poor solubility, making LC and sample preparation method development challenging.

The work described herein takes advantage of a selective reversed-phase anion exchange solid-phase-extraction (SPE), optimal MS settings and MRM transitions, and a high-efficiency UPLC separation using a column packed with C18 particles containing a low-level positive surface charge to provide excellent chromatography peak shape, and analyte recoveries, ultimately facilitating highly sensitive, and robust, low-ng/mL quantification of Tirzepatide from plasma.

Results Summary

Table-1 Results

Experiments Results
S/N >10:1 for LLOQ 0.25 ng/ml
Selectivity Interference <20% of LLOQ in Normal, haemolytic and lipemic plasma
Recovery 73, 75 and 73% at LQC, MQC and HQC levels
Precision -1.02 to 5.27% for LLQC, LQC, MQC and HQC levels
Accuracy 3.19 to 5.18% for LLQC, LQC, MQC and HQC levels
Stability All matrix stabilities are within specifications

Table-2 Parameters- Sample Preparation

Step Procedure
PPT 200 μL Blank Plasma, Add SILIS + Add 500 μL Methanol
SPE GS Affinity MAX Pro, 30 mg, 1CC
Condition 1 ml Methanol, Add 30-50% Ammonia in 500 μL of PPT supernatant
Equilibrate 1 ml 2-5% Ammonia solution
Sample Load Load sample
Wash-1 1 ml 2-5% Ammonia
Wash-2 1 ml water
Wash-3 1 ml Methanol two times
Elution 500 μL 0.5 - 1% FA in Methanol (Lower% is FA is better if recovery doesn't improve with increasing FA%)
Evaporate 40°C
Reconstitute 400 μL with 0.2% FA in 400:600 Water: Methanol

Table-3 Parameters- Sample Analysis

Parameters Details
Mass Spec API-5500
HPLC Nexera UPLC system
Concentration range 0.25 to 250 ng/mL
Mass Transition Tirzepatide 1204.3/396.3 (Mol Wt 4813.5), m/4 state
Mass Transition Tirzepatide d8 (SILIS) 1206.3/396.3 (Mol Wt 4821.5), m/4 state
Sample Extraction Protein Precipitation followed by SPE
SPE GS Affinity MAX Pro, 30 mg, 1CC
Column ACQUITY UPLC Peptide CSH C18 300 Å, 1.7 um 2.1 mm x 50 mm
Mobile Phase A 0.2% Formic acid in ACN
Mobile Phase B 0.2% Formic acid in Water
Flow Gradient Programme -
Run time 8 Minutes
Injection Volume 20 μL

Conclusion

The combination of a selective PPT-reversed-phase Anion Exchange SPE cleanup, proper MS fragment choice, and chromatographic separation using the Peptide CSH C18 UPLC Column, enabled sensitive, accurate, and robust Tirzepatide quantification from plasma.